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Film review

Brazil

1985 · Directed by Terry Gilliam · 2h 23m · MPA R

In a sentenceThe heating engineer is a dangerous man because he might actually fix something

Sam Lowry (Jonathan Pryce) lives in a retro-futurist society governed by bureaucracy, where administrative incompetence sits alongside repression. Terry Gilliam’s science-fiction comedy follows him through a system in which everyday practical problems take on the proportions of a nightmare. Robert De Niro appears as Harry Tuttle, a rogue heating engineer, and Ian Holm plays Mr. Kurtzmann. The cast also includes Katherine Helmond as Mrs. Ida Lowry, Kim Greist as Jill Layton and Michael Palin as Jack Lint. Social satire, fantasy and slapstick meet as Sam encounters rules that do little to make life manageable.

Fi1m review

Terry Gilliam’s bureaucratic nightmare is funny, frightening and exhausting, with Jonathan Pryce giving its elaborate absurdities someone worth caring about. The storytelling loses shape, but the detail makes the cruelty difficult to shrug off.

Terry Gilliam’s Brazil is a funny, frightening film about the damage done by people who cannot get their work right and insist on doing it anyway. We recommend it, with a warning that its 143 minutes can feel punishing. Gilliam makes bureaucratic failure a source of both slapstick and fear, and he is good at making the two happen together. A practical problem can become an ordeal because someone has a procedure to follow. The future has the look of an outmoded past, which suits the administrative mismanagement at the centre of the story.

The screenplay, by Gilliam, Tom Stoppard and Charles McKeown, pays close attention to the small absurdities of getting through the day. Robert De Niro’s Harry Tuttle, a rogue heating engineer, is a particularly good example: having the heating repaired ought to be the least adventurous part of anyone’s life. We laughed at the fuss surrounding such an ordinary job, and then felt uneasy about why it was funny. Gilliam makes the difficulty of having a basic need met seem entirely plausible.

Norman Garwood’s production design is crucial here: this future looks old, with none of the reassurance of a fresh start. The retro-futurist setting makes the bureaucracy seem deeply established, and the detail rewards looking beyond the actors. Roger Pratt’s cinematography makes those surroundings feel oppressive even when there is something funny to look at. There is pleasure in examining the images, although their busyness can make it difficult to decide what deserves attention.

Jonathan Pryce gives Sam Lowry enough vulnerability to keep all this elaborate nastiness from becoming a display we merely inspect. He makes a useful centre for a film that is forever threatening to wander off after another joke. Ian Holm, as Mr. Kurtzmann, is just as valuable in making the bureaucratic absurdity feel human. The performances matter because the satire would become repetitive if every person were simply another illustration of how badly the system works.

The difficulty is that Gilliam’s appetite for invention is greater than his interest in moving the story along. Around the middle, the plotting weakens and some episodes become hard to distinguish in the memory. Julian Doyle’s editing can make the comedy feel frantic, yet the film still has passages that barely seem to move. Michael Kamen’s music helps keep the comedy unsettling, even when the story loses our attention. The running time allows Gilliam room for detail, and also room to repeat effects we have already understood.

Among dystopian science-fiction films, Brazil stands out for taking incompetence so seriously. The fear of having an ordinary request handled by someone who cannot help is enough to make its fantasy recognisable. There is little relief from the cruelty, even when the jokes work, so this is poor company for an evening that needs soothing. Save it for a night when laughter need not make things feel better.

Critical consensus AI synthesised

81
Positive
14
Mixed
2
Negative
0

Most critics rate Brazil highly, and the praise clusters in one place: Gilliam’s visual invention. Review after review picks out the retro-futurist design, the cluttered sets and ducting, and the way a bureaucratic dystopia is made funny and frightening at the same time. The satire of paperwork and impersonal systems is judged to have aged well, and several later reviews call it prescient. Jonathan Pryce’s Sam Lowry is widely admired, and Robert De Niro’s small turn as the rogue heating engineer is mentioned again and again.

The reservations are almost all about story. The New York Times finds the plot thin, RogerEbert.com finds the narrative confusing even after two viewings, and Time Out thinks the weaknesses show halfway through and leave a glittering novelty. There are no outright negatives and the spread is narrow at the top, but the strongest praise comes from critics revisiting the film years later; the first-run reviews are warmer about the vision than about the shape.

Empire
1 January 2000 · Adam Smith
90*

Gilliam's dystopian epic remains among his best, blending his trademark visual inventiveness with a vicious brand of social satire. Unique and essential.

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Slant Magazine
7 December 2012 · Chris Cabin
90*

Praises Gilliam's 1985 film as a wondrous magnum opus that blends comic, creative, and moving elements to critique inequality and bureaucracy. Singles out its stunning visual power, emotional depth through romance and grief, and inventive use of performers and influences from other films.

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The AV Club
12 July 2010 · Mike D'Angelo
90*

The critic calls Brazil the greatest movie ever made about bureaucratic inefficiency, praising Gilliam's ability to depict it through comically threatening absurdism in a dystopian world resembling an outmoded past. He singles out the film's meticulous attention to detail in everyday absurdities, such as the rogue heating engineer scene with Robert De Niro.

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The Guardian
26 November 2011 · Phelim O'Neill
90*

The critic calls Brazil a timeless masterpiece whose power and resonance have only grown, becoming less surreal and more sharply satirical over time. He singles out its visual density and the way repeated viewings reveal new details, especially in the new Blu-ray transfer, alongside its blend of humour, satire and a memorably sad happy ending.

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The Times
29 June 1985 · The Times Arts Correspondents
90*

The review praises Gilliam's blackly comic dystopian satire, which parodies 1984 in a world of bureaucratic mismanagement and repression. It highlights the intricate plotting, inventive visuals and strong performances, especially from Jonathan Pryce and Ian Holm.

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IndieWire
18 December 2012 · Matt Brennan
80*

Examines Brazil as a dystopian vision still relevant today, highlighting its critique of bureaucracy and totalitarianism. Focuses on Gilliam's singular vision and the film's enduring power as both fantasy and warning.

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Straight answers AI written, from our review

Is Brazil worth watching?
Brazil is worth watching for anyone who can take a funny, frightening film about bureaucracy that runs to a punishing 143 minutes, and we scored it 83. Jonathan Pryce gives the elaborate cruelty someone to care about, and Norman Garwood's aged-looking future rewards close attention. Save it for a night when the laughter need not make things feel better.
How long is Brazil, and what is it rated?
Brazil runs 2h 23m and is rated R by the MPA in the US. It is a comedy and science fiction film.
Where can I watch Brazil in the US?
Brazil is available to rent from Amazon Prime Video from $3.99. Availability is checked daily; the links above go straight to each service.
How violent or frightening is Brazil, and is it suitable for children?
Brazil is certified 15 in the UK and R in the US, and it is not suitable for children. The violence is less the problem than the tone: the cruelty is constant, the comedy is unsettling rather than reassuring, and the film offers little relief even when the jokes land. Older teenagers with a taste for dark satire should be fine.
How does Brazil compare to Sorry to Bother You?
Brazil and Sorry to Bother You are both workplace satires that grow stranger as they go, but Terry Gilliam's film is the more exhausting and the more frightening. Boots Riley's is angrier about race and getting ahead, and shorter, though both overcrowd their frames and lose shape around the middle. Choose Brazil for detail and dread, Sorry to Bother You for sharper, quicker jokes.
What should I watch after Brazil?
After Brazil, try PlayTime (1967, Fi1m 88): Jacques Tati finds quieter comic disasters in buildings intended to improve life. Then Fantastic Planet (1973, Fi1m 80): Strange animated science fiction that makes everyday domination look unfamiliar again; and Sorry to Bother You (2018, Fi1m 81): Workplace satire that grows stranger as its account of exploitation sharpens.

Cast

Awards

Academy Awards, 1986

Nominated
Best Production Design
Nominated
Best Writing, Original Screenplay

If you liked this, try…

  1. The Trial (1962) · not reviewed yetAnother administrative nightmare, with corridors that seem built to prevent escape.

  2. PlayTime (1967, Fi1m 88)Jacques Tati finds quieter comic disasters in buildings intended to improve life.

  3. Fantastic Planet (1973, Fi1m 80)Strange animated science fiction that makes everyday domination look unfamiliar again.

  4. The Bothersome Man (2006) · not reviewed yetA tidier dystopia, where comfort itself becomes difficult to bear.

  5. Sorry to Bother You (2018, Fi1m 81)Workplace satire that grows stranger as its account of exploitation sharpens.

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